Development of early age children’s picture memory using fiction literature

Abstract

The article highlights the results of the theoretical and experimental study of the
development of figurative memory of young children by means of fiction. The concept of memory and its significance for the development of human abilities, the process of learning, the acquisition of new knowledge, as well as the formation of skills and abilities are determined. The influence of fiction is described as the most effective means of developing imaginative memory, which can simultaneously stimulate the imagination and emotions of the child.
The stages of approbation of the methodology for the development of figurative memory of young children, based on the means of fiction, are characterized: familiarization of children with a work of fiction (introductory conversation, a surprise moment, an expressive reading of a fairy tale, a reminder); a conversation about the content of the read work of fiction to clarify the main storylines, events, situations, characteristics of the main characters; fixing the material, re-reading, reflection on the read work to fix the emotional impression in the memory of children and deepen memorization.
Work with fiction for the development of imaginative memory in young children is described,
which included the simultaneous use of several methods, such as reading works, discussing them, considering illustrations, playing on the basis of the plot, activity with illustrations, creative tasks: drawing, dramatization and moving games. This variety of activities made it possible to effectively switch and focus the attention of children, attract various senses, maintain an interesting cognitive atmosphere, which positively influenced the development of their figurative memory.
The basic psychological and pedagogical conditions that it is advisable to adhere to the educator during the development work with children in the conditions of the preschool education institution are determined: the importance of integrating the development work with fiction with various forms of activity, such as motor, play and visual activity, is emphasized; the importance of activating the various sensory spheres of the child, expressive reading of works, repetition of works, memorization of small poems, the inclusion of reading poems, fairy tales, etc., in various activities of the child in and out of class, retelling works, illustrations, pictures on the content of the work, introductory conversations and conversations, discussing with children the content of works, the main characters, their actions and the events described, inclusion of game elements, dramatization while working with a work of fiction.